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A contract, transaction or scheme whereby a person invests his money in a common enterprise and is led to expect profits primarily from the efforts of others. (Amended Implementing Rules and Regulations of R.A. No. 8799, cited in Power Homes Unlimited Corporation vs. SEC, G.R. No. 164182, 26 February 2008) |
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The sharp increase of money or credit, or both, without a corresponding increase in business transaction. There is inflation when there is an increase in the volume of money and credit relative to available goods, resulting in a substantial and continuing rise in the general price level. (Almeda vs. Bathala Marketing Industries, Inc., G.R. No. 150806, 28 January 2008) |
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A tax on all yearly profits arising from property, professions, trades or offices, or as a tax on a person’s income, emoluments, profits and the like. It is tax on income, whether net or gross realized in one taxable year. It is due on or before the 15th day of the 4th month following the close of the taxpayer’s taxable year and is generally regarded as an excise tax, levied upon the right of a person or entity to receive income or profits. (Mobil Philippines, Inc. vs. City Treasurer of Makati, G.R. No. 154092, 14 July 2005) |
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Means (a) the issuer; (b) a director or officer (or any person performing similar functions) of, or a person controlling the issuer; gives or gave him access to material information about the issuer or the security that is not generally available to the public; (d) A government employee, director, or officer of an exchange, clearing agency and/or self-regulatory organization who has access to material information about an issuer or a security that is not generally available to the public; or (e) a person who learns such information by a communication from any forgoing insiders. (R.A. 8799, also known as "The Securities Regulation Code," Sec. 3.8) |
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An entity, sometimes referred to as carrier's carrier or national backbone network operator, authorized to install, own and operate facilities which connect local exchanges within the Philippines and to engage in the business of inter-exchange national long distance services. (R.A. 7925, also known as the "Public Telecommunications Policy Act of the Philippines," Sec. 3[f]) |
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Or piracy, which is a synonymous term in this connection, consists in the doing by any person, without the consent of the owner of the copyright, of anything the sole right to do which is conferred by statute on the owner of the copyright. (Habana vs. Robles, G.R. No. 131522, 19 July 1999) |
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A bonus or other payment made to employees in addition to guaranteed hourly wages. (National Tobacco Administration vs. COA, G.R. No. 119385, 5 August 1999) |
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The totality of electronic means to collect, store, process and present information to end-users in support of their activities. It consists, among others, of computer systems, office systems and consumer electronics, as well as networked information infrastructure, the components of which include the telephone system, the Internet, fax machines and computers. (Executive Order No. 269, 12 January 2004) |
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The linkage, by wire, radio, satellite or other means, of two or more existing telecommunications carriers or operators with one another for the purpose of allowing or enabling the subscribers of one carrier or operator to access or reach the subscribers of the other carriers or operators. (R.A. 7925, also known as the "Public Telecommunications Policy Act of the Philippines," Sec. 3[k]) |
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An entity primarily engaged in the business of providing transmission and switching of any telecommunications service between the Philippines and any other point of the world to which it has an existing correspondent or prospective interconnection agreements. (R.A. 7925, also known as the "Public Telecommunications Policy Act of the Philippines," Sec. 3[g]) |
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In real estate taxation, is land devoted principally to industrial activity as capital investment and is not classified as agricultural, commercial, timber, mineral or residential land. (Republic Act. 7160, also known as the "Local Government Code of 1991," Sec. 199[n]) |
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It is where the individual, armed only with his personal computer, may surf and search all kinds and classes of information from libraries and databases connected to the net. (Ople vs. Torres, G.R. No. 127685, 23 July 1998) See Internet; Cyberspace. |
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A decentralized computer network linked together through routers and communications protocols that enable anyone connected to it to communicate with others likewise connected, regardless of physical location. (Mirpuri vs. CA, G.R. No. 114508, 19 November 1999) A decentralized network interconnected by the TCP/IP protocol. The Net was started as a military network ARPANET in 1969 by the US Department of Defense for the purpose of networking main frame computers to prepare against missile weapons. It opened to public research organizations and universities in 1983 and has been interconnected with commercial networks since 1990. (Ople vs. Torres, G.R. No. 127685, 23 July 1998, citing Kazuko Otani, "Information Security in the Network Age," Philippine Law Journal, vol. 70: 1, 2 [1995]) |
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Illegal recruitment in large scale is committed when a person "(a) undertakes any recruitment activity defined under Article 13 (b) or any prohibited practice enumerated under Article 34 of the Labor Code; (b) does not have a license or authority to lawfully engage in the recruitment and placement of workers; and (c) commits the same against three or more persons, individually or as a group." ( Source ) |
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