A list of drugs prepared and periodically updated by the Department of Health on the basis of health conditions obtaining in the Philippines as well as on internationally accepted criteria. (Sec. 4[d], Republic Act No. 9502, also known as the "Universally Accessible Cheaper and Quality Medicines Act of 2008")

The person holding title over the goods, documents, or instruments subject of a trust receipt transaction, and any successor in interest of such person. (P.D. 115, also known as the "Trust Receipts Law", Sec. 3[c])

The person having or taking possession of goods, documents or instruments under a trust receipt transaction, and any successor in interest of such person for the purpose or purposes specified in the trust receipt agreement. (P.D. 115, also known as the "Trust Receipts Law", Sec. 3[b])

Extraordinary inflation exists when there is a decrease or increase in the purchasing power of the Philippine currency which is unusual or beyond the common fluctuation in the value of said currency, and such increase or decrease could not have been reasonably foreseen or was manifestly beyond the contemplation of the parties at the time of the establishment of the obligation. (Almeda vs. Bathala Marketing Industries, Inc., G.R. No. 150806, 28 January 2008)

Refer to support measures provided by the government to exporters to encourage investment in the export sector, create a freer trade environment and motivate exporters to increase export sales and perform competitively in the export market. The overall objective is to increase the country's export sales. (Republic Act No. 7844, also known as the "Export Development Act of 1994," Sec. 4)

Refers to a range of export activities which the public and private sectors undertake, such as networking, especially in export support services and the provision of trade/market information; organization of trade fairs and missions; provision of advisory services; conduct of seminars, lectures, workshops, conferences and training on export-related subjects; publication of export-related documents; handling of quality standards, product design and such other activities aimed at promoting existing exports, especially those meant to reinforce and improve the position of Philippine export products in specific foreign markets, principally being those activities necessary for the implementation of the Philippine Export Development Plan. (Republic Act No. 7844, also known as the "Export Development Act of 1994," Sec. 4)

Any person, natural or juridical, licensed to do business in the Philippines, engaged directly or indirectly in the production, manufacture or trade of products or services which earns at least fifty percent (50%) of its normal operating revenues from the sale of its products or services abroad for foreign currency: Provided, That in the case of services, the same shall be limited to information technology services, construction services and other services as defined jointly by the Department of Finance (DOF) and the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI). Services rendered by overseas contract workers are not covered by the definition. (Republic Act No. 7844, also known as the "Export Development Act of 1994," Sec. 4)

The date stated on the label of food, drug, cosmetic, device or hazardous substance efficacy and quality or potency and after which it is no longer permissible to sell them. (R.A. 7394, also known as the "Consumer Act of the Philippines," Art. 4)

See Escalator clause.

A secret code which secures and defends sensitive information that crosses over public channels into a form decipherable only with a matching electronic key. (Republic Act No. 8792, also known as the "Electronic Commerce Act of 2000," Sec. 5[g]; Rules on Electronic Evidence, A.M. No. 01-7-01-SC, Sec. 1 [i])

Information generated, sent, received or stored by electronic, optical or similar means. (Republic Act No. 8792, also known as the "Electronic Commerce Act of 2000," Sec. 5[c]; Rules on Electronic Evidence, A.M. No. 01-7-01-SC, Sec. 1 [g])

Information or the representation of information, data, figures, symbols or other modes of written expression, described or however represented, by which a right is established or an obligation extinguished, or by which a fact may be proved and affirmed, which is received, recorded, transmitted, stored, processed, retrieved or produced electronically. It includes digitally signed documents and any print-out or output, readable by sight or other means, which accurately reflects the electronic data message or electronic document. (Republic Act No. 8792, also known as the "Electronic Commerce Act of 2000," Sec. 5[f]; Rules on Electronic Evidence, A.M. No. 01-7-01-SC, Sec. 1 [h]) For purposes of these Rules, the term "electronic document" may be used interchangeably with "electronic data message". (Rules on Electronic Evidence, A.M. No. 01-7-01-SC, Sec. 1 [h])

A part of the purchase price and given only where there is already a sale, wherein the buyer is bound to pay the balance. (Limson vs. CA, G.R. No. 135929, 20 April 2001)

One which although lacking in some formality, or form or words, or other requisites demanded by a statute, nevertheless reveals the intention of the parties to charge real property as security for a debt, and contains nothing impossible or contrary to law. Its essential requisites are: (1) That the parties entered into a contract denominated as a contract of sale; and (2) That their intention was to secure an existing debt by way of a mortgage. It is governed by Articles 1602, 1603 and 1604 of the Civil Code.

A contract shall be presumed to be an equitable mortgage, in any of the following cases: (1) When the price of a sale with right to repurchase is unusually inadequate; (2) When the vendor remains in possession as lessee or otherwise; (3) When upon or after the expiration of the right to repurchase another instrument extending the period of redemption or granting a new period is executed; (4) When the purchaser retains for himself a part of the purchase price; (5) When the vendor binds himself to pay the taxes on the thing sold; (6) In any other case where it may be fairly inferred that the real intention of the parties is that the transaction shall secure the payment of a debt or the performance of any other obligation. (Civil Code, Art. 1602). For the presumption of an equitable mortgage to arise under Art. 1602, two requisites must concur: (a) that the parties entered into a contract denominated as a contract of sale, and (b) that their intention was to secure an existing debt by way of a mortgage. (Matanguihan vs. CA, G.R. No. 115033, 11 July 1997; Molina vs. CA, G.R. No. 125755, February 24 2003)